来源：[db:来源] 时间：2022-11-19 19:33:35
1. [2018·全国卷Ⅰ] To avoid knee pain, you can run onsoft surfaces, do exercises to (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and getgood running shoes.
2. [2017·全国卷Ⅲ] She is determined to carry on with her(educate).
3. [2017·全国卷Ⅱ] This development was only possible with the(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.
4. [2017·全国卷Ⅰ] However, be(care) not to go to extremes.
5. [2016·浙江卷自选模块] I deeply respect her (determine)and ability to stand up for herself, and I am grateful to have such a positiverole model.
构词法归纳复习
考点一合成法
规则复合名词的主要构成方式
名词 名词
silkworm蚕;classroom教室
形容词 名词
double-dealer两面派
v.-ing 名词
swimming pool游泳池
动词 名词
breakwater防波堤;pickpocket扒手
名词 v.-ing
handwriting笔迹
动词 副词
get-together联欢会;breakthrough突破
副词 动词
downfall垮台;outbreak爆发
规则复合形容词的主要构成方式
形容词 名词 -ed
cold-blooded冷酷的
形容词 名词
high-class高级的
形容词 v.-ing
easy-going随和的
形容词 过去分词
newborn新生的
形容词 形容词
bitter-sweet甜中有苦的
名词 v.-ing
life-saving救生的
名词 过去分词
handmade手工制作的
名词 形容词
nationwide全国性的
数词 名词 ed
one-sided片面的
数词 名词 形容词
five-year-old五周岁的
规则复合动词的主要构成方式
名词 动词
sleepwalk梦游
副词 动词
overcome克服;undergo经历
形容词 动词
blacklist列入黑名单
考点二转化法
名词转化为动词
face脸—face面对
形容词转化为动词
dirty脏的—dirty弄脏
动词转化为名词
design 设计—design图案
形容词转化为名词
daily每日的—daily日报
形容词转化为副词
deep深的—deep深深地
考点三派生法
规则前缀构词法
前缀
例词
dis(不,否定)
dissatisfy使不满意;dishonest不诚实
un(不)
unable不能够;unlucky不幸的
un(做相反动作)
undress脱衣服;unload卸货
in(不,非)
inactive不活跃的;incorrect不正确的
im(不,非)
impolite没有礼貌的
ir(不,非)
irregular不规则的
il(不,非)
illogical不合逻辑的;illegal非法的
non(不,非)
non-existent不存在的
mis(错误的)
misunderstand误解;misfortune厄运
re(重复,再)
rewrite重写;remarry再婚
en(使)
enrich丰富;enable使能够
ex(以前的)
ex-wife前妻
super(在……上面;
超级)
supermarket超市;
supermodel超级名模
under(在……之下)
underestimate低估;
underground地下的
sub(在……下;次于;
低于)
subway地铁;
submarine潜艇
inter(相互之间)
international国际的;
interact相互作用
semi(半)
semi-final半决赛;semicircle半圆
multi(多)
multinational跨国的
(续表)
前缀
例词
kilo(千)
kilometre千米,公里;
kilogram千克
centi(百分之一)
centimetre厘米;centigram厘克
milli(千分之一)
millimetre毫米;milligram毫克
tele(远)
telephone电话;television电视
a(在……上/
里;向……)
aboard在船/火车/飞机上;
ahead在前面;
aside在旁边;abroad在国外
auto(自己的,独自的)
automobile机动车,汽车;
autobiography自传
over(太)
overfull太满的,过多的
extra(额外)
extraordinary非凡的
pre(预先)
predict预告;preview预习
规则后缀构词法
(1)名词后缀
后缀
例词
age(状态;集合)
shortage缺少;marriage婚姻
an/ian(人,……家)
American美国人;
Australian澳大利亚人
ence/ency(构成
抽象名词)
dependence依靠;frequency频率
ance(性质,状态)
importance重要性
ant/ent(人)
assistant助手;student学生
cion/sion/tion/ation
(动作,状态)
suspicion怀疑;tension紧张;
repetition重复
ee(动作承受者或
受影响者)
employee受雇者;refugee难民
er/or(人或物)
writer作家;actor演员
ess(女性)
actress女演员;waitress女服务员;
hostess女主人
ism(主义,……教)
communism共产主义
ist(……主义者,……家)
communist共产主义者
ment(行为;结果;状态;性质)
argument争论;government政府;development发展
ship(关系,身份)
friendship友谊
hood(身份;性质)
childhood童年
ty(状态;性质)
anxiety焦虑
ure(结果;行为;状态;实物)
pressure压力;picture图画;pleasure高兴
al(动作过程;结果)
arrival到达;approval同意
(2)形容词后缀
后缀
例词
al
national国家的;continental大陆的
ed
learned有学识的;talented有才华的
en
golden金色的;wooden木制的
ful
beautiful美丽的;useful有用的
ic/ical
economic经济的;political政治的
ish
childish幼稚的;selfish自私的
ive
creative有创造力的
less
useless无用的;careless粗心的
ly
friendly友好的;deadly致命的
ous
dangerous危险的;glorious光荣的
ward
downward向下的
y
rainy多雨的;noisy吵闹的
(3)动词后缀
后缀
例词
en(使变得)
deepen加深
fy(使……化)
simplify简化
ize/ise(使……
变成……)
realize实现;
industrialize使工业化
(4)副词后缀
后缀
例词
ly
carefully小心地;beautifully美丽地;quickly迅速地
ward(s)
forward(s)向前;backward(s)向后
Ⅰ.单句填空
1. In a good (marry),both husband and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise.
2. In a (danger)part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to look for adolphin.
3. Teachers musttry their best to make most of their students (interest)in the subject.
4. When Chinas ancientscientific and technological (achieve) arementioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.
5. To most youngchildren, being laughed at by others is a(n) (pleasant)experience.
6. It wasimportant for you to (write) the essay topolish it according to the editors suggestion.
7. The parentswere shocked by the news that their son needed an (operate)on his knee.
8. Wherever theywent, they were (close)followed by security men.
9. There must besomething (serious)wrong with our society.
10. Peoplecertainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one importantthing to know is, no knowledge is (use).
11. The reporthas a detailed (describe)of what happened yesterday.
12. I followedher to the railway station and then she (appear) suddenly.
13. He hardlyever exercises. So he is kind of(health).
14. His teachertook a deep drink, smiled (warm), and thanked himvery much for the sweet water.
15. (fail)is such a common matter that every one of us may meet it from time to time.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.The fruits aresmall in size, but juicy and taste.
2.We are growingwonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
3.The teachershere are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also ourfriends.
4.No one in thecarriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before.
5.That is toomuch for us, considering how closely the houses are.
Ⅲ.语法填空
The “Beginning of Summer” (Lixia) is the 1.(seven) of the 24 solar terms, falling on May 5 this year on the Gregoriancalendar. After the “Beginning of Summer”, trees put out2.(leaf), crops grow fast, the heat of summer approaches and farmers are verybusy.
People 3.(attach) great importance to the “Beginning of Summer” since ancient times. Itis 4.vital moment in the agricultural cycle. It 5.(record) that in the Zhou Dynasty (1046 BC—221BC) the emperor would take histop civil and military officials to the outskirts of the capital on this day 6.(welcome) summer. He 7. also send otherofficials to encourage farmers to get on with their farm work.
As summer 8.(gradual) permeates the air, temperatures rise and hours of daylight lengthen.In towns, people cantwait to dress 9.(they)in their summer clothes, while in the countryside, farmers busythemselves clearing out their barns 10. the summer harvestapproaches. In southern China, farmers plant different kinds of vegetables inthe fields.
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